heTenTen: Hebrew Corpus from the Web

The Hebrew Web Corpus (heTenTen) is a Hebrew corpus made up of texts collected from the Internet. The corpus belongs to the TenTen corpus family which is a set of the web corpora built using the same method with a target size 10+ billion words. Sketch Engine currently provides access to TenTen corpora in more than 30 languages.

Data was crawled by the SpiderLing web spider in November and December 2019, November and December 2020, and January 2021. The whole Hebrew Web corpus is comprised of more than 2.7 billion words from 43,000+ web domains. The Hebrew corpus 2021 (heTenTen) was processed by Yet Another (natural language) Parser.

Detailed information about TenTen corpora is on the separate page Common TenTen corpora attributes.

Overview of Hebrew corpora (heTenTen)

Sketch Engine provides access to a few Hebrew corpora from the web:

  • Hebrew Web 2021 (heTenTen21, processed by Yet Another (natural language) Parser) – 2.7 billion words, part-of-speech tags available
  • Hebrew Web 2014 (heTenTen14) – 890 million words, without part-of-speech tags
  • Hebrew Web 2014 (heTenTen14, processed by Meni Adler‘s tool) – 890 million words, part-of-speech tags available, limited to academic use only

Part-of-speech tagsets in Hebrew corpora

The heTenTen Hebrew corpora have two different part-of-speech tagsets available.

Hebrew corpus 2014

Hebrew is a language with a rich morphology. The tagger output in Hebrew has 27 different attributes, some of which are relevant only to certain parts of speech. Apart from usual attributes such as word, tag and lemma, there are transcriptions to latin alphabet, various morphology categories (affixes), various grammatical categories (gender, number, person, case). The tagset reference can be found below.

Whenever an attribute is irrelevant or missing, its value is string ‘NULL’. For example, to search for all nouns in the corpus which are prefixed with the definite article, issue the following CQL query: [tag=”noun” & prefdefinite=”NULL”].

Tokens, lemmas, prefixes and suffixes were transliterated according to the following key:
‫ת ש ר ק צ פ ע ס נ מ ל כ י ט ח ז ו ה ד ג ב א‬
a b g d h w z x v i k l m n S y p c q r e T
Whereas the token and lemma attributes are available both in Hebrew alphabet and romanised transliteration, the prefix string and the suffix string appear only in transliteration.

Full name

Attribute

Values

Word word
Transliteration of the word trans
Lemma lemma
Transliteration of thelemma transl
Part of speech tag adjective, adverb, conjunction, copula, existential, foreign, interjection, interrogative, modal, negation, noun, numberExpression, numeral, participle, preposition, pronoun, properName, punctuation, quantifier, title, url, verb, wPrefix
Part of speech type postype amount and arithmetic-operation, bracket-end, bracket-start, colon, comma, coordinating, demonstrative, determiner, dot, exclamation-mark, gematria, hyphen, impersonal, literal-number, numeral-cardinal, numeral-fractional, numeral-ordinal or other, partitive, personal, proadverb, prodet, pronoun, question-mark, quote, reflexive, relativizing, semicolon, slash, subordinating, yesno
Prefix string prestring ‫ב בכ ו וב ובכ וכ וכש וכשל ול ומ ומכ ומש‬ ‫וש ושב ושל ושמ כ ככ כש כשב כשל כשמ‬ ‫ל לכ לכש מ מכ מש משב משכ משל משמ‬ ‫ש שב שכ שכש שכשמ של שמ שמש‬
Base string basestring
Suffix string sufstring ‫גם ה הם הן ו י ך כם כן ם ן נו‬
Gender gender feminine, masculine, masculine-and-feminine
Number number dual, dual-and-plural, plural, singular, singular-and-plural
 Status status absolute, construct
Polarity polarity negative, positive
Person person 1, 2, 3, any
Tense tense beinoni, future, imperative, infinitive, past
Binyan binyan Hifil, Hitpael, Hufal, Nifal, Paal, Piel, Pual
Prefix conjunction prefconj conjunction
Prefix definite article prefdefinite definiteArticle
Prefix interrogative prefinterrog
Prefix preposition prefprep preposition
Prefix subordination conjunction / relativizer relativizer relativizer / subordinatingConjunction
Prefix temporal subordinating conjunction preftemp temporalSubConj
Prefix adverb prefadv adverb
Suffix function suffunction accusative-or-nominative, possessive, pronomial
Suffix number sufnum plural, singular
Suffix gender sufgender feminine, masculine, masculine-and-feminine
Suffix person sufper 1, 2, 3

Access to the corpus is only limited to academic use. To gain access, send an email to support@sketchengine.eu with proof of your academic affiliation. This can be

  • a link to your personal profile page on the university website
  • scanned copy of your certificate of studies
  • your student card, ITIC or ISIC card
  • an email request sent from your university mailbox.

Tools to work with the Hebrew corpus

A complete set of Sketch Engine tools is available to work with this Hebrew corpus to generate:

  • word sketch – Hebrew collocations categorized by grammatical relations
  • thesaurus – synonyms and similar words for every word
  • keywords – terminology extraction of one-word units
  • word lists – lists of Hebrew nouns, verbs, adjectives etc. organized by frequency
  • n-grams – frequency list of multi-word units
  • concordance – examples in context
  • text type analysis – statistics of metadata in the corpus

heTenTen21 (October 2021)

initial version heTenTen14 (September 2014)

  • Crawled by SpiderLing in August 2014
  • 1.061 billion tokens
  • version 1 heTenTen14 (January 2015)

    • PoS tagged & annotated with morphological categories

Search the Hebrew corpus

Sketch Engine offers a range of tools to work with this Hebrew corpus from the web.

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