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  • (also referred to as word_lc, word lowercase or word form lowercase) is a positional attribute assigned to each token in the corpus. It contains the lowercase variant of the word attribute: John becomes john, Apple becomes apple, BE becomes be. The lc [...] Read More
  • A collection of texts produced by learners of a language used to study errors and mistakes made by learners of languages. Learner corpora in Sketch Engine can use both error and correction annotation. A special search interface is available to search by the former or the latter or both. see [...] Read More
  • Lemma is a positional attribute. It is the basic form of a word, typically the form found in dictionaries. A lemmatized corpus allows for searching for the basic form and include all forms of the word in the result, e.g. searching for lemma go will find go, [...] Read More
  • lemma_lc is a positional attribute. It is a lemma converted to lowercase.   apple and Apple are treated as the same thing. It is used for case insensitive searching and case insensitive analysis. see lemma
  • Lemmatization is a process of assigning a lemma to each word form in a corpus using an automatic tool called a lemmatizer. Lemmatization bring the benefit of searching for a base form of a word and getting all the derived forms in the result, e.g. searching for go will also find goes, went, [...] Read More
  • Lempos is a positional attribute, i.e. an attribute assigned to each token in the corpus.  It is a combination of lemma and part of speech (pos) consisting of the lemma, hyphen and a one-letter abbreviation of the part of speech, eg. go-vhouse-n. The [...] Read More
  • lempos_lc is a positional attribute. It is a lowercased version of lempos. All uppercase letters are converted to lowercase, thus House-n becomes identical with house-n. It is used for case insensitive searching and analysis. see also lempos list [...] Read More
  • is a function of parameters of a statistical model. It plays a key role in statistical inference and is the basis for the log-likelihood function. see Statistics in Sketch Engine
  • is one of the functions used in the computed statistics of Sketch Engine. It is an association measures based on the likelihood function and is used in tests of significance (see the log-likelihood calculator and more details).
  • is a statistical measure for identifying co-occurrence (=two items appearing together). Sketch Engine uses it to identify collocations. It expresses the typicality (or strength) of the collocation. It is used in the word sketch feature and also when computing collocations from a [...] Read More
  • The longest-commonest match (LCM) was coined by Adam Kilgarriff to name the most common realisation of a collocation, i.e. the chunk of language in which the collocation appears most frequently. The longest-commonest match is part of the word sketch result screen to facilitate the [...] Read More
  • Longtag is a detailed part-of-speech tag that usually contains more information than a tag. Some corpora use tags that contain only basic part-of-speech information, while attribute longtags consist of more detailed grammatical information such as case, number, gender, etc. The longtags [...] Read More