T-scoreT-score expresses the certainty with which we can argue that there is an association between the words, i.e. their co-occurrence is not random. The value is affected by the frequency of the whole collocation, which is why very frequent word combinations tend to reach a high T-score despite [...] Read More
tag(also called part-of-speech tag, POS tag or morphological tag) is a positional attribute assigned to each token in an annotated corpus to indicate the part of speech and often also grammatical categories and morphological information. The tool used to annotate a corpus is called a tagger. A [...] Read More
tagset(called alsotag set)is a list of part-of-speech tags used in one corpus. In Sketch Engine, corpora in the same language tend to use the same tagset but exceptions exist. To check the tagset used, access Corpus statistics and details. See our blog about POS tags.
TBLis an application in Sketch Engine for collecting usage-example sentences to build dictionaries. Find more on the Tick Box Lexicography page
termTerms is a concept used in connection with Keywords & Terms tool.
A term is a multi-word expression (consisting of several tokens) which appears more frequently in one corpus (focus corpus) compared to another corpus (reference corpus) and, at the same time, the expression has a format of [...] Read More
term baseIn connection with CAT tools, a term base is a database of subject-specific terminology and other lexical items which need to be translated consistently. The CAT tool uses the term base to check the consistency of translation, to look for untranslated segments, and to suggest (or [...] Read More
term extractionthe process of identifying subject specific vocabulary in a subject specific text usually using specialized software. The identification of one-word and multi-word terms in Sketch Engine is based on the comparison of the frequency of such words and phrases between the reference corpus and the [...] Read More
term grammarA term grammar is a set of rules written in CQL which define the lexical structures, typically noun phrases, which should be included in term extraction. The lexical structures are defined using POS tags and CQL. The use of a term grammar ensures a clean term extraction result which requires [...] Read More
text analysisText analysis (also content analysis or text analytics) is a method for analyzing (usually unstructured) text in order to extract information. The result of the text analysis is structured data. In addition to the traditional tools, Sketch Engine also offers some unique features. The [...] Read More
text miningText mining is an automatic process of extracting information from text, such as keywords of a text or its source(s). The corresponding tools in Sketch Engine are WebBootCaT for creating corpora from the web or keywords and terms extraction tool, which finds terminology in your texts. See [...] Read More
text typeA text type refers to attributes (author, publication year, source…) assigned to structures (documents, paragraphs, sentences…) in a corpus. Text types can contain any information, textual or numerical, not only a type of text. Corpora may not have text types.
[We follow Biber (1989) in [...] Read More
text type selectorAny search in Sketch Engine can be limited to certain text types only. The results will be retrieved from texts annotated with the selected text type(s).
Users can add text types (metedata) of their choice to their user corpora. They will be processed during compilation and will appear in [...] Read More
TMX - Translation Memory eXchange formatTranslation Memory eXchange (TMX) is a specific XML format used for creating parallel corpora in Sketch Engine. This format is standardly used in translation memories (TM). See more about Setting up parallel corpora in Sketch Engine.
An example of a TMX document (from Wikipedia), the [...] Read More
tokenA token is the smallest unit that a corpus consists of. A token normally refers to:
tokenizationFor the corpus to work, the corpus text should be first divided into individual tokens. Tokenization isthe automatic process of dividing text into tokens. This process is performed by tools called tokenizers.
tokenizerA tokenizer is a tool (software) used for dividing text into tokens. A tokenizer is language specific and takes into account the peculiarities of the language, e.g. don't in English is tokenized as two tokens.!--more--
Sketch Engine contains tokenisers for many languages and also a [...] Read More
translation memoryA translation memory is a database inside a CAT tool which holds segments of text translated in the past. The CAT tool can suggest (or automatically supply) translations based on matching text from the translation memory.
trendsTrends is a feature used for diachronic analysis, i.e. for identifying how the frequency of the word (or other attributes) changes over time. read more
Type/token ratio (TTR)The type/token ratio, often shortened TTR, is a simple measure of lexical diversity. It can only be interpreted when comparing it to TTR of a different text (corpus). The corpus with a higher TTR contains a higher variety of words than the other corpus. In other words, the authors use more [...] Read More
